客体化意向之综合充实的现象学特征

The Phenomenological Characteristics of the Fulfilling Synthesis of Objectified Intentions

摘要:

意识行为可以区分为客体化行为和非客体化行为。 认识一个对象就是充实一个含义意向, 一个 意向得到充实, 就是这个含义意向与直观达到了一致或相合。 客体化行为是通过行为意向和含义充实之间的 充实综合而得以统一的。 客体化行为可区分为直观行为与符号行为, 前者不是表述性行为, 后者则是; 符号 行为虽然有别于直观行为, 但可以某种方式合而为一从而构成相即性认识行为。 不同的意向特征总是与充实 相合的特征密切相关, 就客体化行为而言, 含义意向的充实与直观行为的充实更具有 “同一个” 的特征, 即任何一个通过直观意向而完成的对一个符号意向的充实都具有认同综合的特征; 每个意指行为把握到的同 一性或非同一性就是每个意指在一个认识中得到 “证实” 或 “反驳”。 认识都是直观行为与符号行为相即的 复合行为, 即充实统一的行为。 无语词认识具有独特的动词认识和行为充实特征, 是一个意指性表述的联 想, 表述的单纯含义组元还处于潜能状态, 没有化为现时性的语词表述, 无语词认识就是含义意向的充实, 只是这里的含义意向在现象学上已经摆脱了从属于它们的符号内容。

Abstract:

Husserl accepted the concept of _“intentionality _” under the influence of Brentano，and proposed the concept of _“intentional object _” under the influence of Frege. According to the connotation of intentionality，the act of consciousness as a general genus can be distinguished into objectifying and non-objectifying acts. The former is a _“logical-cognitive _” act of reason，including representation and judgment，which not only intentionally points to the object but also intentionally constructs it，while the latter is a _“value-practical _” activity such as emotion，evaluation，and will，which does not have the ability to construct objects，but only points to them through the former and cannot construct them directly. In his Logical Investigations，Husserl analyzed the static coincidence between the _“given _” and the _“signified _” and studied the dynamic coincidence between the _“signification _”and the _“fulfillment _” in the analysis of dynamic intention，which is also the relationship between _“significance-giving _”and _“intuitive fullness _”. According to phenomenological philosophy，to know an object is to fulfill a signification-intention，and an intention is fulfilled when the signification-intention agrees or coincides with the intuition in the process of fulfillment，or when the presented content （material） conforms to the presenting content （fulfillment）. The act of objectification is unified through the synthesis of fulfillment between act-intention and signification-fulfillment. In this regard，the act of objectification can be distinguished between intuitive acts，which are not expressive，and symbolic acts，which are expressive. Although symbolic acts are completely different from intuitive acts in kind，they can be combined in some way to constitute an adequate act of cognition. The characteristics of different intentions are always closely related to the characteristics of the fullness of conformity，e.g.，the characteristics of the desire intention are always related to whether it is fulfilled in the intuitive act or in the symbolic act. The enrichment of a symbolic intention accomplished through an intuitive intention is characterized by the synthesis of identity；the sameness or non-sameness grasped by each act of meaning is the _“confirmation _” or _“refutation _” of each meaning in an understanding. Cognition is a composite act of intuitive and symbolic acts，i.e.，an act of fulfillment and unity；verbless cognition has a unique feature of verbal cognition and act of fulfillment，and is an association of intentionality expressions，where the mere meaning elements of the expressions are still in a state of potential and are not presently transformed into present verbal expressions. Verbless cognition is the fulfillment of meaningful intentions，except that the meaningful intentions here are phenomenologically freed from subordinate to their symbolic content.