金融推进共同富裕的基本逻辑与实践路径

Promoting Common Prosperity：The Basic Logic and Practical Path of Financial Development

摘要:

实现共同富裕是中国式现代化的本质要求, 也是全体人民的奋斗目标。 共同富裕包含 “共同” 和 “富裕”, “富裕” 是基础, “共同” 则指明了 “富裕” 的性质。 基于这两方面内容, 金融推进共同富裕 也存在两条路径。 一是 “做大蛋糕”, 即发挥金融的本质作用, 通过支持科技创新、 改善小微企业融资问题 以及发挥保险业的风险保障能力等方式服务实体经济, 推动经济高质量发展。 二是 “分好蛋糕”, 即积极发 展普惠金融, 提高弱势群体的信贷和理财能力, 有效支持 “三农” 发展; 培育健康有序的资本市场, 增加 中等收入群体财产性收入; 发挥保险业财富分配和基础保障作用, 防止规模返贫, 改善资源分配不均现状。 未来, 金融应借助各项先进技术, 拓展服务通道, 优化资源配置, 推进共同富裕。

Abstract:

The realization of common prosperity is a crucial component of China _’s modernization and the goal of all its citizens. Common prosperity involves two dimensions：_“common _” and _“prosperity _”. _“Prosperity _” serves as the foundation，while _“common _”indicates the nature of _“prosperity _”. The financial system can promote common prosperity by _“making the cake bigger _”and _“dividing the cake better _”. Finance can promote high-quality economic and social development by supporting technological innovation，improving financing for small and micro-enterprises，and leveraging the risk protection capacity of insurance. At the same time，financial development can improve uneven resource allocation and promote the fair distribution of wealth. Inclusive finance can improve the credit and financial management capabilities of vulnerable groups，effectively support the development of agriculture，rural areas，and farmers，and a healthy and orderly capital market can provide strong support for the real economy，enabling everyone to share the benefits of economic growth and ensuring the fair and effective distribution of funds. However，financial institutions face several challenges in achieving common prosperity，such as information asymmetry，lack of transparency，and profit-driven behavior，which make them more inclined to provide financial services to large listed companies and high net worth individuals，while neglecting vulnerable groups and areas in need of support. In the future，the financial system can continue to promote common prosperity by implementing specific measures. These measures include promoting the transformation from indirect to direct financing，implementing the stock issuance registration system，establishing a multi-level capital market system，and encouraging the construction of intellectual property pledge financing platforms. Financial institutions can also use technology to evaluate the creditworthiness of small and micro-enterprises，develop supply chain finance，and improve the small and micro-enterprise bond issuance system. Encouraging the development of local small and medium-sized banks，using high-tech means to prevent risks，and strengthening bank services to rural households can also promote common prosperity. Finally，empowering insurance with big data technology can promote precise and efficient claims settlement，and help build big data in medical insurance and agricultural products.