论叙事的节奏和速度

On the Rhythm and Speed of Narration

摘要:

节奏是自然、 社会、 个人活动的规律。 抒情文体有韵律节奏, 叙事文体也有节奏。 叙事节奏就 是叙事中动作或情节布局的规律。 叙事的发生学, 是对人类动作的模仿。 在进行实践行动的身体的 “臣服和 静止” “解放和自由” “矛盾和冲突” 三种状态中, 矛盾冲突才是情节发展的基本动力。 细节、 情节和故事 在叙事中都属于动作范畴, 差别在于持续时间的长短。 动作短到没有完整实践意义, 就是细节; 动作长到产 生完整意义系统, 就是故事; 情节则介于两者之间。 情节 “突转” 密度越大, 越趋向于一种新闻文体或通 俗类型文学, 其感官刺激强度也越大, 叙事速度也越快, 充满动感。 反之, 情节密度越小, 越趋向于诗歌或 抒情散文, 叙事耽搁和延宕在中途, 其叙事速度缓慢而沉稳, 优雅而散淡。

Abstract:

Rhythm is the law of nature, society, and individual activity. The lyrical genre is characterized by its rhythm, but the narrative genre has its own rhythm as well. Narrative rhythm is the law of action or plot layout in a narrative. The occurrence of the narrative is the imitation of human action. Of the three states of the body in which practical action is carried out( submission and stillness, liberation and freedom, contradiction and conflict ),it is the contradiction and conflict that is the basic driving force of plot development. In narrative, detail ,plot and story all belong to the category of action. The difference lies in the length of the duration. When the action is so short that it has no complete practical meaning ,it is called detail. When the action is long enough to produce a complete system of meaning, it is a story. The plot is somewhere in between. The greater the density of the plot the more it tends to be a journalistic or popular type of literature. The greater the density of action, the greater the intensity of sensory stimulation, and the faster the narrative ,the more dynamic it is. The less dense the plot is, the more it tends to be poetry or lyrical prose. The narrative is delayed and postponed between the two types mentioned above ,and its narrative speed is slow and steady, elegant and scattered.