曲种分类法、 小字注释与胡文焕的选本制作 ———基于晚明曲选 《群音类选》 的考察

The Classification of Characteristic Tunes Small-word Notes and the Making of Anthologies by Hu Wenhuan —An Examination of The Selected Group Opera Tunes

摘要:

杭州书坊主胡文焕编纂的 《群音类选》 在晚明曲坛影响甚广, 不仅在于它是当时体量最大的 一部曲选, 更缘于特色鲜明的 “曲种分类法” 使之在众多选本中独树一帜。 作为 《格致丛书》 的一种, 《群 音类选》 具有类书的属性, 编者通过大量的 “小字注” 向读者传递江南地区曲种最新信息和曲学知识。 胡 文焕收集、 汇选、 分类和刊印当时曲坛上流行的官腔、 诸腔、 北腔、 清腔曲本, 以满足文人士大夫娱曲和中 下阶层看戏的不同需求, 这一制作过程蕴含曲类知识再生产的独特意义。 审视胡文焕的编刻实践, 其曲家的 知识储备、 书商的职业素养以及对曲选地域风格的体认与展现, 共同成就了 《群音类选》 的选本个性。

Abstract:

The Selected Group Opera Tunes compiled by the publisher Hu Wenhuan in Hangzhou had a profound impact in the operatic community in late Ming dynasty. This was both because it was the largest opera anthology at that time, and because it had distinguished itself from other anthologies with its unique _"classification of characteristic tunes _" . As a kind of Ge-zhi Series ,The Selected Group Opera Tunes has the nature of a reference book. The editor conveyed latest information about characteristic tunes in the Southern Yangtze River regions and knowledge of composition through a large number of _" small-word-notes _" . Hu collected, selected ,classified and printed opera anthologies which were popular of his time including Kun Opera local operas Yuan poetic drama and other operatic tunes with unaccompanied songs ,to entertain scholars and scholar-bureaucrats with songs and offer plays to lower-class people. The making of The Selected Group Opera Tunesthus had a unique meaning of opera knowledge reproduction. Examining Hu _'s compiling of this book ,we can find that his store of knowledge as a composer and his professional quality as a publisher who realized and exhibited the regional style of opera anthologies contributed to the success of The Selected Group Opera Tunes as an opera anthology.