陆象山的解经法

Lu Xiangshan 's Method of Interpreting the Classics

摘要:

陆象山对 《论语》 《孟子》 等经典的解释, 表现出高度的自觉与自信。 他通过把握主旨、 还原 语境、 质疑拣择三个环节, 构成了自成一体的解经方法。 把握主旨强调对经典大纲的理解优先于对细目的把 握, 还原语境强调在具体语境中体会经典的立言本意, 质疑拣择强调依循本心而反对对经典的盲目信任。 总 体而言, 把握主旨可谓是象山解经的目标。 象山的解经法虽然也沿用汉唐经注的训诂章句, 但只是作为初级 手段, 他的解经根本上是作义理的阐明。 在这个意义上, 象山的解经法已完全跳出经学的窠臼, 而进入了分 析的批判的理学形态。

Abstract:

Lu Xiangshan_' s interpretation of the classics such as the Analects and Mencius shows a high degree of self-awareness and confidence. He had constructed a self-contained method of interpreting the classics through three steps grasping the main idea restoring the context and questioning as well as selecting. Grasping the main idea emphasizes the priority of understanding the gist of the classics over grasping the details restoring the context emphasizes the appreciation of the original meaning of the classics in specific contexts and questioning as well as selecting emphasizes following one_' s original mind and opposing blind trust in the classics. In general grasping the main idea is the goal of Xiangshan?s interpretation of the classics. Although his method of interpreting the classics also follows the Exegetic tradition of the Han and Tang periods it is only a primary means and his interpretation of the classics is essentially an elucidation of normative principle. In this sense Xiangshan?s method of interpreting the classics had completely broken out of the Classics School and taken on the form of analytical and critical Principle-centered Learning.